Handler for Pub/Sub messages

Service to handle messages delivered by a Cloud Pub/Sub Push subscription.

Explore further

For detailed documentation that includes this code sample, see the following:

• Use Pub/Sub with Cloud Run tutorial
• Using Pub/Sub with Knative serving

Code sample

C#

To authenticate to Cloud Run, set up Application Default Credentials. For more information, see Set up authentication for a local development environment.

app.MapPost("/", (Envelope envelope) =>
{
    if (envelope?.Message?.Data == null)
    {
        app.Logger.LogWarning("Bad Request: Invalid Pub/Sub message format.");
        return Results.BadRequest();
    }

    var data = Convert.FromBase64String(envelope.Message.Data);
    var target = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetString(data);

    app.Logger.LogInformation($"Hello {target}!");

    return Results.NoContent();
});

Go

To authenticate to Cloud Run, set up Application Default Credentials. For more information, see Set up authentication for a local development environment.

// PubSubMessage is the payload of a Pub/Sub event.
// See the documentation for more details:
// https://cloud.google.com/pubsub/docs/reference/rest/v1/PubsubMessage
type PubSubMessage struct {
	Message struct {
		Data []byte `json:"data,omitempty"`
		ID   string `json:"id"`
	} `json:"message"`
	Subscription string `json:"subscription"`
}

// HelloPubSub receives and processes a Pub/Sub push message.
func HelloPubSub(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
	var m PubSubMessage
	body, err := io.ReadAll(r.Body)
	defer r.Body.Close()
	if err != nil {
		log.Printf("io.ReadAll: %v", err)
		http.Error(w, "Bad Request", http.StatusBadRequest)
		return
	}
	// byte slice unmarshalling handles base64 decoding.
	if err := json.Unmarshal(body, &m); err != nil {
		log.Printf("json.Unmarshal: %v", err)
		http.Error(w, "Bad Request", http.StatusBadRequest)
		return
	}

	name := string(m.Message.Data)
	if name == "" {
		name = "World"
	}
	log.Printf("Hello %s!", name)
}

Java

To authenticate to Cloud Run, set up Application Default Credentials. For more information, see Set up authentication for a local development environment.

import com.example.cloudrun.Body;
import java.util.Base64;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

// PubsubController consumes a Pub/Sub message.
@RestController
public class PubSubController {
  @RequestMapping(value = "/", method = RequestMethod.POST)
  public ResponseEntity<String> receiveMessage(@RequestBody Body body) {
    // Get PubSub message from request body.
    Body.Message message = body.getMessage();
    if (message == null) {
      String msg = "Bad Request: invalid Pub/Sub message format";
      System.out.println(msg);
      return new ResponseEntity<>(msg, HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST);
    }

    String data = message.getData();
    String target =
        !StringUtils.isEmpty(data) ? new String(Base64.getDecoder().decode(data)) : "World";
    String msg = "Hello " + target + "!";

    System.out.println(msg);
    return new ResponseEntity<>(msg, HttpStatus.OK);
  }
}

Node.js

To authenticate to Cloud Run, set up Application Default Credentials. For more information, see Set up authentication for a local development environment.

app.post('/', (req, res) => {
  if (!req.body) {
    const msg = 'no Pub/Sub message received';
    console.error(`error: ${msg}`);
    res.status(400).send(`Bad Request: ${msg}`);
    return;
  }
  if (!req.body.message) {
    const msg = 'invalid Pub/Sub message format';
    console.error(`error: ${msg}`);
    res.status(400).send(`Bad Request: ${msg}`);
    return;
  }

  const pubSubMessage = req.body.message;
  const name = pubSubMessage.data
    ? Buffer.from(pubSubMessage.data, 'base64').toString().trim()
    : 'World';

  console.log(`Hello ${name}!`);
  res.status(204).send();
});

Python

To authenticate to Cloud Run, set up Application Default Credentials. For more information, see Set up authentication for a local development environment.

@app.route("/", methods=["POST"])
def index():
    """Receive and parse Pub/Sub messages."""
    envelope = request.get_json()
    if not envelope:
        msg = "no Pub/Sub message received"
        print(f"error: {msg}")
        return f"Bad Request: {msg}", 400

    if not isinstance(envelope, dict) or "message" not in envelope:
        msg = "invalid Pub/Sub message format"
        print(f"error: {msg}")
        return f"Bad Request: {msg}", 400

    pubsub_message = envelope["message"]

    name = "World"
    if isinstance(pubsub_message, dict) and "data" in pubsub_message:
        name = base64.b64decode(pubsub_message["data"]).decode("utf-8").strip()

    print(f"Hello {name}!")

    return ("", 204)

What's next

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