All Cloud Dataproc clusters come with the BigQuery connector for Hadoop built in. This means you can easily and quickly read and write BigQuery data to and from Cloud Dataproc.
Using Spark
See Using the BigQuery Connector with Spark for an example on using Spark with the BigQuery connector for Hadoop. This example should work for Cloud Dataproc clusters.
Using Java MapReduce
See Writing a MapReduce Job with the BigQuery Connector for an example on using Java MapReduce with the BigQuery connector for Hadoop. This example should work for Cloud Dataproc clusters.
Additional information
See the BigQuery Hadoop Connector documentation for more information.